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Jet Fuel Shortages Threaten Summer Travel Amid Calls for UK Fuel Resilience

UK Faces Urgent Need to Boost Domestic Jet Fuel Production

Jonathan Hinkles, CEO of Skybus, raises a critical question: “Do we need greater resilience from a homegrown perspective to refine more jet fuel within the UK?” This challenge has intensified as jet fuel supplies tighten, putting summer holiday flights under threat.

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Theo Leggett profile image

With only a handful of refineries remaining, the UK government has urged existing facilities to prioritize jet fuel production. However, industry expert Amaar Khan cautions that ramping up output “doesn’t happen overnight” and won’t produce a significant immediate boost.

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Thin, lobster red banner with white text saying ‘InDepth newsletter’. To the right are black and white portrait images of Emma Barnett and John Simpson. Emma has dark-rimmed glasses, long fair hair and a striped shirt. John has short white hair with a white shirt and dark blazer. They are set on an oatmeal, curved background with a green overlapping circle.

Scaling Sustainable Aviation Fuel Offers a Promising Solution

One compelling avenue lies in expanding production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). This synthetic alternative derives from waste materials like used cooking oil and agricultural byproducts, energy crops, or via cutting-edge processes converting water and carbon dioxide into liquid e-fuels using renewable energy.

A blue tram with West Midlands Metro on the side on a Wolverhampton street, with bus lane signs.
A blue tram with West Midlands Metro on the side on a Wolverhampton street, with bus lane signs.

SAF’s environmental benefits are well documented: it emits substantially less carbon than traditional fossil fuels, aligning with both UK and EU mandates targeting major SAF adoption over the next quarter-century. However, the sector remains nascent, with limited supply mostly imported from East Asia and priced at a premium—often exceeding $1,000 per tonne above conventional jet fuel.

Shelves lined with packs of Calbee crisps, including the company's new black-and-white packaging.
Shelves lined with packs of Calbee crisps, including the company’s new black-and-white packaging.
BBC Graphic illustration combining black-and-white images of a commercial passenger jet, a fuel tanker truck labelled ‘flammable’, and a person reclining on a deck chair wearing a wide-brimmed hat, overlaid with red and green geometric shapes on a neutral background.
BBC Graphic illustration combining black-and-white images of a commercial passenger jet, a fuel tanker truck labelled ‘flammable’, and a person reclining on a deck chair wearing a wide-brimmed hat, overlaid with red and green geometric shapes on a neutral background.

Hinkles acknowledges these hurdles but believes overcoming them would significantly reduce dependence on volatile foreign fuel markets. “The real question is: can we scale up SAF production meaningfully in the UK or Europe to replace a growing share of jet fuel?” he explains.

Environmental Advocates Back Increased Local SAF Production

Green campaigners echo this view. Tom Taylor, UK policy manager at transport lobby group Transport and Environment, states, “Increasing SAF won’t eliminate jet fuel imports overnight. But scaling up can shift aviation fuel sourcing from geopolitically sensitive fossil fuels to locally managed renewable energy and waste streams.”

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Image shows Donald Trump
Getty Images Aerial view of a large oil refinery with chimneys and circular storage tanks, bordered by woodland and a nearby residential neighbourhood, with water visible in the distance; a red rectangular graphic overlays the top of the image.
After recent closures, there are just four refineries left in the UK, includingFawley in Hampshire owned by ExxonMobil (pictured).

As summer approaches, the urgency to strengthen domestic jet fuel resilience grows. Boosting SAF production presents a promising path to secure the UK’s aviation future while advancing environmental goals.

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Donald Trump’s head in profile on the left and Xi Jinping’s head in profile on the right. They are both wearing shirts and suit jackets. Xi’s head is overlaid with a red design element.
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